Summary of Computer Science Chapter 1

Summary of Chapter 1:
Introduction to Information Technology.

Definition of Information Technology:

Information Technology (IT) is the use of computer hardware and software to store, retrive and manipulate information.

Advantages of Information Technology:

~Enable users to access information or unlimited educational resources efficiently and effectively anytime and anywhere.
~Improves communication through communication technology such as smartphones, e-mail, e-fax, text messaging and even video conferencing to make communication become easy and efficient.
~Enable users to shop for products and services via online shopping like e-bay,11 street,zalora and lazada so that it will save times and energy.

Disadvantages of Information Technology:

~Reduce job oppurtunity because technology has replaced most positions which humans used to occupy such as accounting is now being done by software.
~Health risk because the improper computer use can lead to injuries of the hands, wrists, elbows, eyes, neck and back.
~Over independence on IT makes students less active and innovative because students are no longer take time to solve problem and task by themselves.

The applications of IT:

1)Education:
Learning management system is a software used for administering online assignments, schedules, examinations,  and grades such as Moodle learning management system.

2)Finance/Banking:
Online banking is an IT application which performs banking activities such as access account balances, pay bills,  and print monthly transactions via the Web such as Maybank2u and Cimb Clicks.

3)Health Care:
Surgery simulations is an IT application that allows surgeons to practice surgical skills and procedures virtually.

4)Science:
Cochlear implants is an embedded computers imitate functions of cochlea of the ear and allow a deaf person to listen.

5)Travel:
A Car Navigation System is a GPS that help users to track routes for specific location to arrive at the destination accurately and safely.

6)Government:
e-Filling is an IT application that enables the filling state and federal tax returns online such as e-Filling LHDN.

7)Manufacturing:
Barcode system is an IT application which all products are bar coded and can be read by the barcode reader to help in determining prices and managing inventory.

8)Publishing:
Online Card Printing create business cards is quick and easy with online design tools only from home.

Computers
What is a Computer?

Computer is a programmable electronic device that accepts data input, processes the data, outputs the results and stores the results.

Categories of Computers:

A)Supercomputers

Physical size:Full room of equipment.
Speed:The fastest and most powerful type of computer with thousands of processors capable of processing trillions of instructions per second.
Storage:Highest storage capacity that can store complex and sophisticated applications, and can store more than 20, 000 times the data and information of an average desktop computer.

B)Mainframes

Physical size:Partial room to a full room of equipment.
Speed:A large and powerful computer that can process millions of instructions per second and handle thousands of connected computers.
Storage:Larger storage capacity that can store data, instructions, and informations for business applications and activities.

C)Personal Computer

Physical size:Small computer from desktop to laptop computers that fits on a desk or fits on your lap.

D)Mobile Computer

Physical size:Computers that are designed to be carried around easily about the size of a paper notebook to fit in one hand.

E)Personal Computer and Mobile Computer

Speed:A computer based on a microprocessor designed for infividuals and businesses, capable to provide computing power for home and office environment.
Storage:Ranges from GB to TB that can store home and office software.

F)Mobile Devices

Physical size:Very small communucations device(pocket-sized computers)
Speed:A computer based on a microprocessor that contain built-in computing or Internet capabilities.
Storage:Up to GB that can store mobile applications.

G)Embedded Computer

Physical size:A tiny computer embedded into a product (installed in a device)
Speed:Tiny specialized microprocessors installed in smart appliances and automobiles.
Storage:Normally in KB.

ASSIGNMENT ENCIK ANWAR

Sunday, 2 Oc

ASSIGNMENT ENCIK ANWAR

                            NAME : NUR FARHANA BINTI HASHIM

                            

                      PRACTICUM : S3AP4

                        

                     MATRIC NUMBER : MS1612606531

                      TITLE : TOPIC 3 – CATEGORIES OF COMPUTER

                      LECTURER'S NAME : EN. ANWAR MAJDI

TOPIC 3 : CATEGORIES OF    COMPUTERS

     

SUPERCOMPUTERS
 

         

MAINFRAMES   COMPUTERS

WHAT IS A COMPUTER ?

A Computer is a programmable electronic device that :

–                      accepts data input

–                      processes the data

–                      outputs the results

-       and stores the results.

SUPERCOMPUTERS

THE DEFINITION OF SUPERCOMPUTERS :

  

  - Supercomputers is the fastest and most powerful type of computer that       is capable of processing trillions of instruction per second.

–  Extremely powerful computer used for complex computations and processing in research and academics.

THE USES OF SUPERCOMPUTERS

-Supercomputers are used by complex and sophisticated applications for :

      1) Nuclear energy research

         

2)    Petroleum Exploration

       

  

3)   Weather forecasting

4)   Simulations and applications in medicine

MAINFRAMES COMPUTERS

-        A mainframe computer is alarge and powerful computer that handles many connected users simultaneously , and used to host a large amount of data and programs.

It is also a capable of serving many users and processing large amounts of business data at once.

The uses of Mainframes

Mainframes are used by large business or governments such as :

1)            Banks	-          Electronic money transfer , online bill payment.
2)            Hotels and Airlines	-          Hotel bookings , airline flight reservations.

3)               Insurance Companies	-        To process insurance claims.
4)               Hospitals	-        To manage patient records and health services.

THE CAPABILITIES OF SUPERCOMPUTERS AND MAINFRAMES COMPUTERS.

CATEGORIES OF COMPUTER
CATEGORY			CAPABILITIES
	PHYSICAL SIZE		SPEED	STORAGE
SUPERCOMPUTERS	Full room of equipment.		The fastest and most powerful type of computer with thousands of processing trillions of instructions per second.	Highest storage capacity that can store complex and sophisticated applications, and store more than 20,000 times the data and information of an average desktop computers.
MAINFRAMES	Partial room to a full room of equipment.		A large and powerful computer that can process millions of instructions per second and handles thousands of connected computers.	Larger storage capacity that can store data, instruction, and information for business applications and activities.